Electric-arc lamp



PATBNTED JAN. 5, 1904.

E. H. BELDEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 17, 1901.

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No. 749,016. PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904. E. H. BELDEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP. APPLIOATION FILED APR. 17, 1901.

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E. H. BELDEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 17, 1901.

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UNITED ST TES Patented January 5, 1904.

P T NT a QFFICEQ EDWARD I-I. BELDEN, or FORT WAYNE, lNDIANA, AssICNoR TO WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION or PEN NSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,016, dated January 5, 1904.

Application filed'April-l'h 1901.

1'0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD I-I. BELDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Wayne, in ,the county of Allen, in the State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in AlternatingCurrent Arc-Lamps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descrip-- tion of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in [5 alternating-current arc-lamps.

The principal object of my present invention is to prevent the audible vibrations which are generally produced in the lamp and containing-case by the alternations of the operating-current. This object I accomplish by supporting the operating mechanism of the lamp independently of the inclosing casing and cushioning all adjacent parts of the lamp and case at points where the vibrations of the lamp would otherwise become audible.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for preventing rotation of the carbon-holder relative to the containing-tube, as in trimming, and at the same time to pre- 0 serve the space about the carbon and within the tube as a substantially air-tight gaschamber.

A further object of my invention is to provide an improved top for the lamp-case, con- 5 sisting of a spider-cap lined with wire-gauze and adapted to prevent vibration in the lampcase due to the operation of the ind notion-coil.

Similar reference-numerals indicate like parts throughout the several views,in which-- Figure 1 is a view in elevation of my im- 'provements, the lamp-case being in vertical section to show the relative arrangement of the operating mechanism and the manner of supporting the same and the outer globe being partially broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan view of my improved cap, showing the metallic screen therein. Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of the controlling mechanism, taken at a right angle to the view thereof shown in Fig. 1, the induction-coil and the Serial No. 56,178. (No model.)

clutch-chamber being partially broken away and the inner globe being shown in vertical central section. Fig. 4. is an enlarged detail view of the carbon-tube, a portion thereof being broken away. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view of the upper-carbon holder. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the carbon-tube, taken through 00 a: of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a detail side view of the lamp-swilch in its closed position and showing its open position in dotted outline. Fig. 8 is a detail view of the supporting-casting on which the controlling mechanism of the lamp is mounted, showing the manner of mounting the solenoid and the manner of suspending the said casting by a coiled spring. Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view of the upper end of the spool on which the helix or solenoid is wound. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the switch shown in Fig. 7.

The controlling mechanism of myimproved lamp is mounted on orsuspended from an upright casting 1, which is in turn suspended from the casing-top 2 by means of a coilspring 3, the lower end of which is hooked into a hole in an upright flange 4 of the casting 1 and the upper end of which is attached to the top 2 in any suitable manner.

To the inner face of the casting 1, at or near the top thereof, is fastened a spring 5, upon the free end of which a solenoid 6 is suspended by means of a yoke 8, the bent ends of which fit loosely in holes in the upper part of the solenoid-spool 7.

The casting 1 has a pendent arm 9, from which one member ofadash-pot 10 is pivotally suspended. The casting 1 is curved or bent inwardly at a suitable point below the coil 6 and has a short horizontal arm 11, having at its free end a pendent apertured lug 12, to which is pivotally fulcrumed a lever 13, the outer end of which is pivotally connected to the dash-pot plunger 14 and is provided with a weight 15. The short arm of the lever 13 is rigidly connected to the adjacent end of a short arm 16, from which it is properly insu- 95 lated. The other end of the arm 16 is pivoted to the bifurcated extension 17 of a carbontube cap 18. The casting 1 also has a lug or ends of said bolts being secured in a second parallel plate 22.

To thelower end of the castinglis fastened a bifurcated casting 24, from the lower end of which is suspended a cylinder 25, which forms the clutch-chamber, the casting 24 being properly insulated from the casting 1.

The cylinder 25 is open at the bottom end, has a central opening in its upper end in which the lower portion of the carbon-tube 26 is loosely suspended, and has an upright flange 27, upon which rests a second gas-cap 28, that loosely fits the carbon-tube. The upper end of the cylinder 25 is provided with radial lugs 29, preferably three in number, to prevent the straining of spring 3 when removing the upper carbon from its clamp, this result being attained by reason of the engagement of said radial lugs with the adjacent convex bottom 67 of the lamp-case. The top of the cylinder is also provided with an opening for the protruding upper end of a rod 30, to which one end of the return-wire 31 is secured. The bottom end of the clutch-chamber is closed bya circular plate 34, which has a circular opening for the upper carbon 32 and diametrically opposite openings for the upper ends of the wires 33, that support the lower-carbon bracket 37. The plate 34 has an upright annular flange 35, that fits snugly over the lower open end of the cylinder 25, and is provided upon its lower face with a pendent annular flange 36 to collect the products of combustion.

To the lower ends of supporting-wires 33 is rigidly secured a bracket 37, in which the lower carbon 38 is mounted and secured by thumb-screws 39.

The hanger-bracket 40, which supports the inner globe 41, consists of a single wire having a coil 40 midway of its ends and being loosely secured to screws 42 in the flange 35 of the plate 34.

The coil of my improved bracket is arranged at its lower extremity, where it will be least affected by the heat of the lamp, instead of being at the upper end, as is usually the case, and its upper edge rests in a suitable recess or indentation 41 in the lower end of the inner globe, as shown.

The upper end of the carbon-tube 26 fits snugly within the cap 18, and its body portion is provided through the greater portion of its length with a longitudinal rib or spline 43, formed by an indentation in the tube, which engages a slot or indentation 44 in the flanged top 45 of the carbon-holder 46, there by preventing rotation of the carbon-holder relatively to the said carbon-tube and consequent derangement of the cable 50.

The carbon-holder 46 has its lower end slotted, as shown, to admit of proper expansion thereof to receive and secure the upper end of the upper carbon 32. This carbonholder is made in two sections, the lower section 48 havingits upper solid end adapted to snugly fit within the lower end of the upper section and provided with a central screwthreaded opening for a screw 49, the upper end of which secures the flexible coiled cable 50 to the holder and the lower end of which normally rests in contact with the adjacent end of the carbon 32. The two sections of the carbon-holder are rigidly connected by a pin 52 or other suitable means.

The upper end of the cable 50 is secured to a plate 51, which snugly fits within the upper end of the carbon-tube and makes it substantially air-tight.

At the lower end of the carbon-tube is located clutch mechanism of well-understood construction, consisting of asleeve 53,mounted upon the carbon tube 26 and rigidly clamped thereon by means of a screw 55 and having two opposite apertured lugs 56 and 57, a second sleeve 54,loosely surrounding the upper carbon, a pivoted clutch or holding pawl 58, pivotally mounted approximately midway of its ends between ears 59, with which the sleeve 54 is provided, and a link 60 between the clutch-dog and the lug 56. Any lateral derangement of the collars 53 and 54 relative to each other is prevented by a pin 61, which loosely connects the lugs 57 and 62. The sleeve 54 is also provided on its upper edge with two or more upright lugs 63 to lengthen the three-point contact of the clutch.

To the extension 17 of the carbon-tube cap 12 is secured the lower end of a coil-spring 64, the upper end of which is fixed to the lower end of the solenoid-core 65, that is loosely supported within the solenoid 6.

The controlling mechanism is inclosed Within a sheet-metal case 66, the main portion of which is of cylindrical form and has enlarged ends, the upper one of which is provided with an improved cap, presently to be described.

The case 66 has a convex base-plate 67, provided with a circular opening to receive the cylinder 25 without any contact therewith, and has a plurality of pendent lugs 68, to which is secured a sheet-metal plate 69 by means of screws.

The plate 69 has a central opening of approximately the same diameter as the one in the plate 67 and has also a plurality of fixed peripheral spring hanger-brackets (not shown) and a common form of adjustable clamp 70, operated by a thumbscrew 71. From these brackets and this clamp the outer glass globe 72 is suspended in the usual manner.

The detachable cap 2 from which the casing 66 is suspended is constructed as follows: A spider-casting 74 of ornamental design and convex in contour comprises arms 75, terminating at their upper ends in an integral central portion 76 and at their lower ends in an integral annular portion 77. The relatively large openings between the said spider-arms are closed by a convex circular wire screen 73 fixed therein, which has a central opening 78 of slightly less diameter than that of the central portion 76. The portion 76 has two opposite openings in which are located the binding-posts 79 and 80 anda central opening in which the upper end of the coilspring 3 is secured. It. has also two integral upright lugs 81, in the top of which is fixed a screw 82, on which is loosely mounted a sleeve 83, of porcelain or other suitable insulating material. In a suitable peripheral recess midway. of the ends of the sleeve 83 is located a metallic link 84. by which the clamp is suspended. The cap 72 of the case 66 has a plurality of pendent lugs 85, by means of which it is secured to the body of the case.

The switch shown in Figs. 7 and 10 comprises a U-shaped bracket 86, one of the arms of which is provided with an integral pendent inclined arm 87, said bracket being secured to the inner face of the lamp-case 66 by screws which engage openings 88 in the bracket. On the inner face of the bracket 86 are fixed by proper holding-screws 89 a pair of vertical plates 90, provided with vertical extensions 91, on the lower ends of which are placed binding-screws 92 for the adjacent ends of the wires 93 and 31. These plates are separated by lugs 95 and are insulated therefrom and also from the supportingbracket 86 by insulation 96.

On a screw 97, located at a proper point in one of the extensions 91,is pivotally mounted a horizontal connecting-bar 98, having at or near the middle of its length a curved slot 99, in which is loosely mounted the free end of an eccentric lever 100, the outer end of which is rigidly connected to but insulated from the bent handle 94:, having its inner end journaled in the free end of the fixed arm 87. The outer end of this handle has a sleeve 101, of insulating material, which protrudes through a suitable opening in the containing-case, as shown in Fig. 1.

By turning the handle 101 to the right from the position indicated in Fig. 7 the connecting-bar 98 will be forced downward and out of contact with the pin 102, thereby stretching the coiled retractile spring 103 until the eccentric lever 100 passes the center, after which the tension of the said spring 103 will be exerted to open the switch. In closing the switch when the said eccentric lever is rotated past the center the spring 103 will exert its tension to close the switch with a quick snap. By this construction I secure a quickly-acting switch in which the retractile spring aids the action of the switch both in opening and closing.

The operation of my improved lamp will be understood from the above description, but may be briefly stated, as follows: Referring now to Figs. 1 and 3, the current enters the lamp at the binding-post 79 and passes thence through the cable 108, the solenoid 6, the cable 106, the upper-carbon tube 26, the flexible cable 50, the upper carbon 32, the lower car bon 38, the holder 37, the bracket 33, the connecting-rod 30, cable 31, the quick-break switch, the cable 93, the cable 105, the chokecoil 20, and the cable 104 to the binding-post 80, it being, of course, understood that at each alternation the current reverses and goes through the lamp in the opposite direction.

In my improvement there are loops brought out at intervals from the choke-coil for the purpose of cutting in more or less turns, whereby the same lamp may be employed on different frequencies or voltages. I have also provided an additional means of adjustment consisting of a counterpoise weight 15, which which may be moved in or out on the lever 13 for the purpose of varying the counterpoise. By this means I am able to get almost any adjustment of voltage and amperage desired with any frequency.

The vibrations of the solenoid 6 are entirely taken up or absorbed by the coil-spring 5, and the vibrations of the core 65 are taken up and neutralized by the coil-spring 64, thus obviating or eliminating all vibrations in both the supporting-casing 1 and the carbontube 26. I can therefore employ almost any form of clutch without danger of its being affected or deranged by the vibrations of the lamp.

Bythe use of springs I obviate the transmission vof vibrations in a much more eff1 cient manner than can be done by the use of felt or other cushioning material, which is hardened by constant exposure to the heat of the lamp. Any vibrations which mightin any possible way be otherwise transmitted from the operating mechanism to the containing-case are arrested by the coil-spring 3, from which the said mechanism is suspended.

In my improved lamp is also provided a complete system of inclosures, whereby the gases have to pass through a first gas-cap into a large reservoir or muffler-and thence through a second gascap, thereby confining all the noise due to the alternations of the arc to these inclosures, which are connected to the mechanism of the lamp, but have no connection to the case except through the spring 3.

By placing the solenoid and choke-coils the maximum distance from the arc the deteriorating effects of the heat of the lamp on the insulation thereof is avoided.

As all the weighty portions of the lamp are supported at the top, a lighter structure throughout is permissible.

My novel construction of cap permits of placing the choke-coil in the top of the lamp without the usual tendency to transmit the vibrations thereof to the containing-case.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A removable cap for an alternating-current arc-lamp case, comprising a spider-casting and a wire screen covering the openings therein for the purpose of breaking up and neutralizing the vibrations due to the inclosed adjacent induction-coil of the lamp.

2. In an arc'lamp, an inner globe having a top opening only and provided with an external recess in its lower end, in combination with a supporting-bracket having a coil seated in said recess.

3. In an alternatingcurrent arc-lamp, a clutch-chamber through which the gases from the arc pass having a gas-cap at each end and supported independently of the lamp-case, whereby the audible vibrations due to the pulsations of the current are efiectively muffled.

4. In an alternating-current1amp,ac1utchchamber inclosing the clutch mechanism and having gas-caps at its respective ends through which the gases of the arc pass in their escape, and adapted to muffle the audible vibrations, as described.

5. In an arc-lamp, the combination witha suspension device, a supporting-frame and a spring connecting said parts, of a carbon-feeding solenoid and a suspension spring between the same and said frame.

6. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a suspension device, a spring depending therefrom and a mechanism-supporting frame suspended from said spring, of a solenoid, a supporting-spring therefor, a spring-supported core for said solenoid and carbon feeding means supported by said frame.

7. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a suspension device having a depending coilspring and a frame suspended from said spring and having a spring projecting therefrom, of a solenoid suspended from said projecting spring, a carbon-tube,a solenoid-core, a spring connecting said tube and core, and lever and dash-pot mechanism supported by said frame and connected to said tube.

8. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a supporting device andacoil-springdepending therefrom, of a frame suspended from said spring and having a spring projecting therefrom, a solenoid supported by said projecting spring, a counterweighted lever pivoted to said frame, a carbon-tube pivotally attached to the end of said lever opposite the counterweight, a solenoid-core and a spring interposed between said core and the carbon-tube.

9. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a supporting device, a frame spring-suspended therefrom and a solenoid spring-suspended from said frame, of a counterweighted lever pivoted to said frame, a carbon-tube suspended from one end of said lever, a dash-pot interposed between the other end of the lever and the frame, a solenoid-core and a spring interposed between said core and the carbontube.

Signed by me at Fort Wayne, county of Allen, State of Indiana, this 11th day of April, A. D. 1901.

EDWARD H. BELDEN.

Witnesses:

ADELAIDE KEARNS, AUGUSTA VIBERG. 

